一、狀語的核心功能? 狀語用于修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子,提供時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、原因、條件等信息。 二、狀語的類型及例句? 1. 時(shí)間狀語(Adverbial of Time)? 說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間。 單詞/短語?:now, yesterday, at 5 PM, after dinner 從句?:when, while, until, as soon as 例句?: She left ?yesterday?.(她昨天離開了。) When the sun rises?, we will start hiking.(太陽升起時(shí),我們將開始徒步。) 2. 地點(diǎn)狀語(Adverbial of Place)? 說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)或方向。 單詞/短語?:here, there, in the park, under the table 從句?:where, wherever 例句?: He found his keys ?under the sofa?.(他在沙發(fā)下找到了鑰匙。) Stay ?where you are?.(待在原地。) 3. 方式狀語(Adverbial of Manner)? 描述動(dòng)作如何發(fā)生。 單詞/短語?:quickly, carefully, ?with anger?, ?as if he were mad? 從句?:as, as if, as though 例句?: She spoke ?softly?.(她輕聲說話。) He ran ?as if his life depended on it?.(他拼命奔跑,仿佛性命攸關(guān)。) 4. 原因狀語(Adverbial of Reason)? 解釋動(dòng)作發(fā)生的原因。 單詞/短語?:because of, due to, for 從句?:because, since, as 例句?: He stayed home ?because he was ill?.(他因生病待在家里。) Due to the rain?, the match was canceled.(由于下雨,比賽取消了。) 5. 目的狀語(Adverbial of Purpose)? 說明動(dòng)作的目的或意圖。 不定式短語?:to..., in order to..., so as to... 從句?:so that, in order that 例句?: She studies hard ?to pass the exam?.(她努力學(xué)習(xí)以通過考試。) He whispered ?so that no one would hear?.(他低聲說話以免被人聽到。) 6. 結(jié)果狀語(Adverbial of Result)? 表示動(dòng)作導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果。 短語/結(jié)構(gòu)?:so...that, such...that 從句?:so that 例句?: It was ?so cold that the lake froze?.(天氣太冷,湖面結(jié)冰了。) He spoke ?such nonsense that everyone left?.(他胡言亂語,大家都離開了。) 7. 條件狀語(Adverbial of Condition)? 說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的條件。 單詞/短語?:if, unless, provided that 從句?:if, unless, as long as 例句?: If it rains?, we will stay home.(如果下雨,我們會(huì)待在家里。) You can borrow my car ?provided that you drive carefully?.(只要小心駕駛,你可以借我的車。) 8. 讓步狀語(Adverbial of Concession)? 表示與主句相反的情況。 單詞/短語?:although, even though, despite 從句?:although, though, even if 例句?: Despite the heat?, he wore a jacket.(盡管天氣熱,他還是穿了夾克。) Even if you apologize?, I won’t forgive you.(即使你道歉,我也不會(huì)原諒你。) 9. 比較狀語(Adverbial of Comparison)? 表示比較關(guān)系。 結(jié)構(gòu)?:as...as, than, the...the... 從句?:as, than 例句?: She runs ?faster than I do?.(她跑得比我快。) He is ?as tall as his brother?.(他和哥哥一樣高。) 10. 程度狀語(Adverbial of Degree)? 修飾形容詞或副詞的程度。 單詞?:very, extremely, quite, almost 例句?: The coffee is ?too hot? to drink.(咖啡太燙了,沒法喝。) She ?almost? missed the train.(她差點(diǎn)錯(cuò)過火車。) 11. 頻率狀語(Adverbial of Frequency)? 說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的頻率。 單詞/短語?:always, never, once a week, every day 例句?: He ?rarely? eats meat.(他很少吃肉。) I go to the gym ?three times a week?.(我每周去三次健身房。) 12. 伴隨狀語(Adverbial of Accompaniment)? 表示伴隨動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。 短語?:with..., along with..., together with... 例句?: She entered the room ?with a smile?.(她微笑著走進(jìn)房間。) He left ?along with his friends?.(他和朋友們一起離開了。) 13. 評(píng)注性狀語(Disjunct Adverbial)? 表達(dá)說話者的態(tài)度或評(píng)價(jià)。 單詞/短語?:fortunately, honestly, surprisingly 例句?: Frankly?, I don’t trust him.(坦白說,我不信任他。) Surprisingly?, no one objected.(令人驚訝的是,無人反對(duì)。) 14. 連接性狀語(Conjunctive Adverbial)? 連接句子或段落,體現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系。 單詞/短語?:however, therefore, moreover, in addition 例句?: He was tired; ?however?, he kept working.(他很累,但仍繼續(xù)工作。) It rained; ?therefore?, the picnic was canceled.(下雨了,因此野餐取消了。) 三、狀語的位置? 句首?:強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(?After dinner?, we watched a movie.) 句中?:修飾動(dòng)詞(She ?quickly? finished her work.) 句末?:補(bǔ)充說明(He laughed ?loudly?.) 總結(jié)? 英語狀語涵蓋時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、原因、目的等十幾種類型,通過單詞、短語或從句實(shí)現(xiàn),靈活分布于句子的不同位置,是豐富語言表達(dá)的關(guān)鍵成分。 |
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